# [[STIs]]
![[STIs.svg]]
STIs are [[private/Sex|Sexually]] Transmitted Infections, formerly known as STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases). It's less stigmatizing and more accurate to refer to STIs, since not everything mentioned is a "disease".
## Avoiding STIs
The easiest way to avoid getting STIs (other than abstinence) is by using [[Sexual barriers]] such as [[Condoms]]. However, the effectiveness of condoms is dependent on the STI. Some skin-based infections, for example, don't always occur in areas that would be covered by a condom.
Antivirals, both preventive and reactive, can be effective against preventing the transmission and/or severity of an infection.
- [[PrEP]]
## Most common STIs
In [[Nederland]], "The Big Five" is a test for the five most common/serious infections:
- [[HIV]]
- [[Hepatitis]]
- [[Chlamydia]]
- [[Gonorrhea]]
- [[Syphilis]]
The two of note that are missing from this list are:
- [[Herpes Simplex Virus]] (herpes), deemed too common, benign, and infamously difficult to diagnose
- [[HPV]]
These two are quite common STIs that are not often included in "standard" tests.
Here are other common STIs not yet included above:
- [[Molluscum Contagiosum]]
## Transmission
The transmission rates for STIs vary.
### Incubation periods
![[verywell-stis.png]]
[^verywell]
[^verywell]: Boskey, E. (2024). *The incubation period of common STIs.* Retrieved from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-long-before-std-symptoms-appear-3133026 .
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